Packing for a trip to Mongolia will depend on the time of year you are traveling and the activities you plan to do. Here are some general guidelines for what to pack:
1. Clothing: Mongolia has a very wide temperature range, so it's important to bring layers. For the summer months (June to August), pack lightweight, breathable clothing, such as t-shirts, shorts, light jacket, and comfortable hiking pants. For the rest of the year, bring warm clothing, such as long underwear, sweaters, and a winter coat. Don't forget to bring a waterproof jacket or poncho, as well as a hat and gloves.
2. Footwear: Comfortable, sturdy shoes or hiking boots are essential, especially if you plan to go trekking or horseback riding. It's also a good idea to pack a pair of sandals or flip-flops for when you're not hiking.
3. Gear: If you plan to do any outdoor activities, such as hiking or camping, bring a good-quality backpack, a sleeping bag, a camping stove, and a water filter. Don't forget to pack sunscreen, insect repellent, and a first-aid kit.
4. Electronics: if you are traveling overland tour to far destinations, Mongolia has limited access to electricity in rural areas, so bring a car charger to keep your phone and other devices charged. You may also want to pack a camera to capture the stunning landscapes and cultural experiences. Electricity in Mongolia is typically 220 volts, with a frequency of 50 hertz. The country uses the European-style two-pin or type C plug, so travelers from North America, Australia, and other regions will need a plug adapter to use their electronic devices. However, the universal multi-plug extension cord/power strip is widely available in Mongolia. If you are staying in ger/yurt camps, they have power or generator.
5. Personal items: Bring any necessary prescription medications, as well as over-the-counter remedies, such as pain relievers and anti-diarrhea medication. Also, bring toiletries, such as toothpaste, a toothbrush, and hand sanitizer.
6. Cash and tipping: Mongolia is largely a cash-based society except Ulaanbaatar, so be sure to bring enough cash to cover your expenses in the field trip unless your tour company is covering everything. In Ulaanbaatar the most places accept credit cards and phone app payment, but it's always good to have cash on hand in case tipping. Tipping is not customary in Mongolia, however it is expected from western tourists. So, generally 10% in the restaurants and other services and $10-$20 per day per person is suitable.
7. Cultural considerations: Mongolia is a conservative country, so it's important to dress modestly and respectfully. Pack clothes that cover your shoulders and knees, especially when visiting temples and other religious sites. Also, be aware of local customs and etiquette, such as showing respect to elderly people, not stepping on the door step etc. You can ask your guide for general guidelines. But mostly Mongolians will understand you as a foreigner.
8. Gift to local people; Mongolian nomadic communities enjoy meeting foreigners and very hospitable people. Giving some gifts make more warm relationship. For children it can be crayons, coloring pencils, toys such as frisbee, balloon, or colorful hairbands, books, and whatever easy to pack and fun. For men it is small pocket knife, mini tools, flashlight, sunglasses, metal keychain, and caps good. For women small mirror, nail cutter kit, perfumes, printed scarves, hygiene kit and sunglasses.
